原标题：U.S. and Mexico Near Deal to Ease Trump-Era Steel Tariffs

The United States and Mexico are in advanced talks to reduce or remove President Donald Trump’s 50% steel tariffs on Mexican imports, according to trade and industry sources. A likely outcome is a quota system allowing a fixed volume of steel imports from Mexico to enter either duty-free or at a reduced rate, with anything above that subject to the full tariff.

The deal, still under negotiation, could base allowable volumes on historical trade levels. It remains uncertain whether the in-quota steel imports will be entirely exempt from tariffs or simply taxed at a lower rate. A final quota amount has yet to be confirmed.

Bloomberg first reported the development, stating both countries were nearing an agreement that would offer U.S. companies tariff-free access to Mexican steel under strict volume limits. The U.S. Commerce Department and the White House have declined to comment.

Mexico was the third-largest steel exporter to the U.S. in 2024, shipping 3.52 million net tons—a 16% drop from the previous year. Canada led with 6.56 million net tons, followed by Brazil at 4.5 million.

When Trump introduced the Section 232 tariffs in 2018, Mexico and Canada initially received exemptions, later replaced with safeguard procedures. Trump scrapped all such measures in April, intensifying the tariffs.

U.S. industry representatives are now pushing for a formal quota to prevent potential steel surges and transshipment from countries like China via Mexico. Mexican Economy Minister Marcelo Ebrard argued the tariffs are unjustified since the U.S. holds a trade surplus in steel and aluminum with Mexico. He emphasized that the tariffs threaten jobs and integrated supply chains, urging the U.S. to follow the UK's lead and lift restrictions.

【以下为机器翻译结果，仅供参考阅读】

据贸易和行业消息人士透露，美国和墨西哥正在就降低或取消唐纳德·特朗普总统对墨西哥进口钢铁征收的50%关税进行深入谈判。一个可能的结果是实行配额制度，允许从墨西哥进口的固定数量的钢铁免税或以较低的税率进入美国，高于这一比例的钢铁则需缴纳全额关税。

该协议仍在谈判中，允许的贸易量可能以历史贸易水平为基础。目前还不确定配额内的进口钢铁是完全免征关税，还是仅仅以较低的税率征税。最终的配额数量尚未确定。

彭博社首先报道了这一进展，称两国即将达成一项协议，在严格的数量限制下，美国公司将免征墨西哥钢铁的关税。美国商务部和白宫拒绝置评。

2024年，墨西哥是美国第三大钢铁出口国，净出口量为352万吨，较上年下降16%。加拿大以656万吨的净产量领先，其次是巴西，为450万吨。

当特朗普在2018年推出232条款关税时，墨西哥和加拿大最初获得豁免，后来被保障程序所取代。特朗普在4月份取消了所有此类措施，加大了关税力度。

美国工业代表现在正在推动正式的配额，以防止潜在的钢铁激增和从中国等国家经墨西哥转运。墨西哥经济部长马塞洛·埃布拉德（Marcelo Ebrard）认为，由于美国对墨西哥的钢铁和铝贸易顺差，美国的关税是不合理的。他强调，关税威胁到就业和综合供应链，敦促美国效仿英国，取消限制。