原标题：European Parliament adopts carbon border changes

The European Parliament today approved changes to the bloc's carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) that are estimated to exempt 90pc of importers from the measure, linked to the EU emissions trading system (ETS), although a final legal text still needs to be agreed with EU member states.

The parliament adopted by a large majority the European Commission's proposal, with a minor amendment to clarify that CBAM covers electricity importers but not power generated "entirely" in the European Economic Area (EEA) countries Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway and imported to the EU. These countries are covered by the EU ETS.

The adopted text also confirms the start date for CBAM certificate sales as 1 February 2027, pushed back from 2026 previously, to "address significant uncertainties related to the year 2026". Parliament said the new de minimis mass threshold of 50t would exempt 90pc of importers from the CBAM.

The commission designed the changes to continue to cover the bulk of CO2 emissions from imports of iron, steel, aluminium, cement and fertilisers. Most fertiliser imported to the EU is in the form of bulk shipments, which are well above 50t.

Russia earlier this week launched a formal dispute procedure at the World Trade Organisation against CBAM as an "alleged export subsidy".

By Dafydd ab Iago

【以下为机器翻译结果，仅供参考阅读】

欧洲议会今天批准了对欧盟碳边境调整机制 （CBAM） 的修改，估计该机制将使 90% 的进口商免受与欧盟排放交易体系 （ETS） 相关的措施的约束，尽管最终法律文本仍需与欧盟成员国达成一致。

议会以绝大多数通过了欧盟委员会的提案，其中进行了一次小幅修正，以澄清 CBAM 涵盖电力进口商，但不包括欧洲经济区 （EEA） 国家冰岛、列支敦士登和挪威“全部”生产并进口到欧盟的电力。这些国家/地区受欧盟 ETS 保护。

通过的文本还确认了 CBAM 证书销售的开始日期为 2027 年 2 月 1 日，从之前的 2026 年推迟，以“解决与 2026 年相关的重大不确定性”。议会表示，新的 50 吨最低质量阈值将使 90% 的进口商免于碳边境调节机制。

欧盟委员会设计的这些变化继续涵盖铁、钢、铝、水泥和化肥进口的大部分二氧化碳排放。进口到欧盟的大多数化肥都是散装运输的，远高于 50 吨。

本周早些时候，俄罗斯在世界贸易组织启动了一项正式的争议程序，反对 CBAM 作为“所谓的出口补贴”。